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| 1908 |
| | | The king of Portugal, Carlos I, and his heir, Luis Filipe, are shot as they ride in an open carriage in Lisbon | |
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| 1910 |
| | | A republican revolution in Portugal deposes Manuel II, bringing to an end the Braganza dynasty and the Portuguese monarchy | |
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| 1914 |
| | | Calouste Gulbenkian earns his nickname – Mr Five Percent – from the share he receives for negotiating oil deals in the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1914 |
| | | The new republican government of Portugal offers Britain support in the war | |
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| 1926 |
| | | A coup in Portugal brings in a military dictatorship, in which general António Óscar de Fragoso Carmona soon emerges as the leader | |
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| 1932 |
| | | Antonio de Oliveira Salazar becomes prime minister of Portugal with dictatorial powers | |
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| 1939 September 1 |
| | | Spain and Portugal declare that they will maintain their neutrality in the European war that now seems inevitable | |
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| 1968 |
| | | Antonio de Salazar, the Portuguese dictator, suffers a stroke and is replaced by Marcelo Caetano | |
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| 1974 |
| | | A military coup in Portugal ends four decades of Salazar's and Caetano's dictatorial New State | |
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| 1976 |
| | | Portugal adopts a democratic constitution after 43 years of dicatorship | |
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